What Turkey Exports to the World and Its Importance?



Turkey is a major exporting nation, with exports exceeding $170 billion in 2021. Its exports are diverse and include vehicles, electrical and electronic goods, iron and steel, apparel and accessories, plastic materials, jewels and precious metals, fruits and nuts, and other food and live animals. In this article, we will explore what Turkey exports to the world, its importance for the Turkish economy and its trade partners, and some key statistics based on Turkey trade data and Turkey export data.

 

Turkey's Top Export Products

 

According to the Observatory of Economic Complexity (OEC), the top exports of Turkey by value in 2021 were:

 

- Cars ($10B)

- Jewellery ($6.8B)

- Refined Petroleum ($6.53B)

- Motor vehicles; parts and accessories (8701 to 8705) ($5.94B)

- Delivery Trucks ($5.8B)

 

These five products accounted for 16.8% of Turkey's total exports in 2021. Other notable export products were machinery, electrical equipment, iron and steel, plastics, and clothing.

 

Turkey also ranked as the world's biggest exporter of some specific products, such as raw iron bars ($4.8B), hand-woven rugs ($2.71B), wheat flours ($1.11B), marble, travertine, and alabaster ($800M), and iron radiators ($675M) in 2021.

 

Turkey's Top Export Destinations

 

Turkey exports its products to more than 200 countries and territories around the world. The top five export destinations from Turkey in 2021 were:

 

- Germany ($19.8B)

- United States ($14.8B)

- United Kingdom ($14.2B)

- Italy ($11.6B)

- Iraq ($11.1B)

 

These five countries accounted for 34% of Turkey's total exports in 2021. Other major export markets were Spain, France, Russia, Netherlands, Israel, Romania, and Poland.

 

Turkey has a strong trade relationship with the European Union (EU), which is its largest trading partner. In 2021, Turkey exported $97.9 billion worth of goods to the EU, accounting for 43% of its total exports. Turkey also has a customs union agreement with the EU since 1996, which allows free movement of goods between them.

 

Turkey also has a strategic location that connects Europe, Asia, and Africa, making it an important hub for trade and transit. Turkey has access to the Mediterranean Sea, the Black Sea, the Aegean Sea, and the Marmara Sea, as well as several land borders with neighboring countries. Turkey is also part of several regional and international trade agreements, such as the Economic Cooperation Organization (ECO), the Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC), the Turkic Council, and the G20.

 

The Importance of Exports for Turkey

 

Exports are vital for Turkey's economic growth and development. According to Turke trade data, exports accounted for 30% of Turkey's gross domestic product (GDP) in 2020. Exports also provide employment opportunities, foreign exchange earnings, tax revenues, and technological innovation for Turkey.

 

Exports are also a source of resilience for Turkey amid external shocks and challenges. For instance, in 2018-2019, Turkey faced a currency crisis that caused a sharp depreciation of the Turkish lira and high inflation. However, thanks to its diversified and competitive export sector, Turkey was able to recover quickly and resume growth in 2020.

 

Exports are also a way for Turkey to enhance its global influence and soft power. By exporting its products, culture, and values to different parts of the world, Turkey can build trust, cooperation, and goodwill with other countries and regions. For example, Turkey has been actively involved in humanitarian aid and development assistance to countries affected by conflicts or disasters, such as Syria, Somalia, Afghanistan, Pakistan, Palestine, and Yemen.

 

Conclusion

 

Turkey is a major exporter of various products to the world. Its exports are diverse and include vehicles, electrical and electronic goods, iron and steel, apparel and accessories, plastic materials, jewels and precious metals, fruits and nuts, and other food and live animals. Its top export destinations are Germany, the United States, the United Kingdom, Italy, and Iraq. Exports are important for Turkey's economic growth and development, as well as its global influence and soft power.

Location: Pitampura, New Delhi, Delhi, India

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